Lining block for sewers and the like



Patented Sept. 13, 1927,

UNITED STATES,

AND JAY H. HUBBELL, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA; SAID HUBBELL ASSIGNOR TO SAID KOVANDA. I

LOUIS. P. KOVANDA PATENT 'OFFICE.

LINING BLOCK FOR SEWERS AND THE LIKE.

Application filed May 21, 1925. Serial m. 31,145.

ably undercut, so as to receive and retain an I acid and alkali-proof cement, therebypro- V du'cing perfect seams or joints between the edges of the blocks, and eliminatingthe possibllity of joint leakage, that might otherwise occur as a result of the action of acids or alkalies on the unprotected edges of the blocks.

A further object of our invention is to produce lining blp cks' for conduits or the like,

that have their rear surfaces ribbed and scored or scarified in order to produce a more perfect bond between said blocks and the material of which the body of the conduit or other structure is formed. 1

Nith the foregoing and other objects in view our invention consists in certain features of construction and arrangement of parts that will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig; 1 is a perspective view of a lining block of our improved construction, and which is of the form particularly designed for lining-sewers or like conduits.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a block embodying our invention and which may be used as a liner for a substantially flat surface.

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view of a portion of a'seweror like conduit that is lined with blocks of our improvedconstruction.

Fi s. 4 to 9 inclusive are detail sectional views of modified forms of'joints that are nates a lining block that is composed of vitrified earthen material (preferably clay) and 1 ha ing its surfaces,.'or at least its'inner sur-- face, or that surface that is exposed when the block is applied to the conduit or other structure, glazed in any suitable manner.

The rear of the block, or that face that is bonded to the body of the conduit or other structure is stepped or provided with. ribs or corrugations 11 of suitable shape, and this entire ribbed or corrugated rear face is roughened by sco ing or scarifying in order that the block may be more securely anchored to body of the conduit or like structure to which it is applied. Q

The edges of the blocks are formed with grooves or channels 12, and thoseportions of the body of the block directly above said grooves, or between the grooves and the front surface of the block are cut awa so that the front edges of the block are slig tly inset relative to the rear edges.

As a result of this particular construction,

when the lining blocks are assembled, only those portions, of the edges of an adjacent pair of the blocks below the grooves ,12 therein, are in direct contact with each other, and a roove or channel that is undercut on both si es, is formed between the meeting edges of the blocks. As illustrated in Fi s. 1, 2 and 4, this groove may be substantia ly diamond shape in cross section, or as illustrated in Fig. 5, it may be substantially oval or heart-shape in cross'section.

In Fig. 6, the groove has the general shape of an inverted letter T.

The constructions illustrated in Figs. 7, 8

and 9 are more particularly designed for flat blocks that are intended to be used as liners for floors, walls and other substantially flat structures.

In Fig. 7 the blocks are shown with bevelled edges, so as to produce, between said blocks, a \fishaped groove, the depth of which is substantially equal to the thickness of the blocks.

In Fig. 8, the front corners only, of the blocks are cut away, or bevelled to form a V-shapedgroove having a depth of approximately half the thickness of the blocks.

In Fig. 9, the front corners of the blocks are cut away to form a groove that is substantially rectangular in cross section.

' The blocks thus constructed are placed on the inner surfaces of sewers or like structures that are generally formed of' selfhardening plastic material such as cement or loo concrete and, as the rear surfaces of said blocks are ribbed or stepped and scored, said blocks will be very firmly secured and anchored to the structure to which they are applied.

The lining blocks are fitted together so that those portions of their edges below the grooves abut each other and, as a result, the grooves 12 are brought into registration so as to produce undercut grooves between the adjacent edges of all the blocks.

The undercut groves are now. filled with a suitable packing or calking material, preferably, a self-hardening cenient' of puttylike consistency, and which is immune to the action of acids, alkalies and gases.

Before the fillin material or cement has become set and hard, the exposed faces thereof are Inadeilush with the exposed surfaces of the lining blocks, and thus the sewer or like structure, when finished, is provided with a continuous glazed inner surface that is both acid and alkali-proof, particularly at the joints between the lining blocks, where deterioration and leakage due to the corroding action of acids and alkalies would ordinarily occur.

Obviously, our improved lining blocks may be made in any desired and practically usable sizes, and they may be curved so as to he used in tubular or cylindrical structures, or made fiat so as to serve as liners for the surfaces of doors, walls and other practically flat structures.

When used as linings for sewers and like conduits, the blocks may be applied to the ,inner faces of pipe sections when the same are pre-cast or they may be applied as the able as a lining for sewers, inasmuch as the concrete bodies of the latter, if not thoroughlv protected, will be attacked and to disinte rate under the action of cause certain gases, aci s and alkalies.

Obviously, Where all the joints between the lining blocks are filled with an acid and alkali-proof cement, it will be impossible for corrosive gases or the like to reach and attach the concretebody of the sewer.

lVe claim as our invention:

A lining for sewers and the like, comprisingsegmental blocks of vitrified earthen material each having portions of its edges adjacent to one of its faces cut away to form grooves, the inner portions of which grooves are undercut so that when two lining blocks are placed edge to edge, an undercut channel is formed between the meeting edges of the two blocks and a filling of acid and alkali proof material within said undercut channel and the relatively narrow mouth thereinto.

In testimony whereof we afiix our signatures.

LOUIS P. KOVANDA.

JAY H. HUBBELL. 

